注释： [1]Bhardwaj, M., and Jadhav, R. (2016). ‘Indian farmers cotton on to new seed, in blow to Monsanto’ available at http://www.reuters.com/ article/us-india-monsanto-idUSKCN10E05C (accessed November 2016) [2]PTI. (2015). ‘Centre to control Bt cotton seed prices by fixing MRP’ available at http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/ agriculture/centre-to-control-bt-cotton-seed-prices-by-fixing-mrp/ articleshow/50158688.cms (accessed November 2016) [3]Green Peace. (2005). ‘Marketing of Bt cotton in India: Aggressive, unscrupulous and false….’ Available at http://www.greenpeace.org/ india/Global/india/report/2005/9/marketing-of-bt-cotton-in-indi.pdf (accessed November 2016) [4]Das, S. (2016). Centre sticks to stand, to cut Bt cotton price 70%’ available at http://www.financialexpress.com/markets/commodities/ centre-sticks-to-stand-to-cut-bt-cotton-price-70/221109/ (accessed November 2016) [5]Choudhary, B.And Kadambini, G. (2010). ‘Bt cotton in India: A country profile’ available at http://www.isaaa.org/resources/publications/biotech_crop_profiles/bt_cotton_in_india-a_country_profile/ download/Bt_Cotton_in_India-A_Country_Profile.pdf (accessed November 2016) [6]EPA (2016). ‘Introduction to Biotechnology Regulation for Pesticides’ available at https://www.epa.gov/regulation-biotechnology-un- der-tsca-and-fifra/introduction-biotechnology-regulation-pesticides (accessed November 2016) [7]Kazmin, A. (2015). ‘Monsanto faces growing troubles in India’ available at https://www.ft.com/content/7197ffa8-7551-11e5-a95a- 27d368e1ddf7 (accessed November 2016) [8]Kurmanath, K. (2015). ‘Wily pink bollworm survives Monsanto’ Boll- gard-II’ available at http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/econo- my/agri-business/wily-pink-bollworm-survives-monsantos-bollgardii/article7814810.ece (accessed November 2016) [9]Jebaraj, P. (2010). ‘Monsanto ‘admission’ has business motives?’ available at http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/ article727420.ece (accessed November 2016) [10]Kazmin, A. (2015). ‘Monsanto faces growing troubles in India’ available at https://www.ft.com/content/7197ffa8-7551-11e5-a95a- 27d368e1ddf7 (accessed November 2016) [11]Fabrick, J, A. et al. (2015). ‘Multi-toxin resistance enables pink boll- worm survival on pyramided Bt cotton’ available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26559899 (accessed November 2016) [12]Shiva, V. (2015). ‘Pests, pesticides and propaganda: the story of Bt cotton’ available at http://vandanashiva.com/?p=317 (accessed November 2016) [13]Union of Concerned Scientists (1998). ‘Now or never: Serious New Plans to Save a Natural Pest Control’ available at http://www.ucsusa.org/sites/default/files/legacy/assets/documents/food_and_agricul-ture/now-front.pdf (accessed November 2016) [14]Bhardwaj, M., and Jadhav, R. (2016). ‘Indian farmers cotton on to new seed, in blow to Monsanto’ available at http://www.reuters.com/ article/us-india-monsanto-idUSKCN10E05C (accessed November 2016) [15]Buradikatti, K. (2016). ‘Firms producing Bt cotton seeds should compensate farmers’ available at http://www.thehindu.com/news/ national/karnataka/firms-producing-bt-cotton-seeds-should-com- pensate-farmers/article8052538.ece (accessed November 2016) [16]Buradikatti, K. (2015). ‘Govt. has to look into Bt cotton crop failure in Raichur: Experts’ available at http://www.thehindu.com/news/na- tional/karnataka/govt-has-to-look-into-bt-cotton-crop-failure-in- raichur-experts/article8025665.ece (accessed November 2016) [17]Menasinakai, S. (2016). ‘Raichur farmers suffer 278.72-cr loss due to failed Bt cotton: report’ available at http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hubballi/Raichur-farm- ers-suffer-278-72-cr-loss-due-to-failed-Bt-Cotton-Report/article- show/52393826.cms?from=mdr (accessed November 2016) [18]Buradikatti, K. (2016). ‘Firms producing Bt cotton seeds should compensate farmers’ available at http://www.thehindu.com/news/ national/karnataka/firms-producing-bt-cotton-seeds-should-com- pensate-farmers/article8052538.ece (accessed November 2016) [19]Buradikatti, K. (2015). ‘Pink bollworm a nightmare for Bt cotton growers’ available at http://m.thehindu.com/news/national/kar- nataka/pink-bollworm-a-nightmare-for-bt-cotton-growers/arti- cle7950687.ece (accessed November 2016) [20]Staff correspondent.The Hindu. (2016). ‘Sanitising Bt cotton fields begins in Raichur district’ available at http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/sanitising-bt-cotton-fields-begins-in-rai- chur-district/article8611378.ece (accessed November 2016) [21]Buradikatti, K. (2016). ‘Complaint registered against 15 Bt cotton seed companies’ available at http://m.thehindu.com/news/national/ karnataka/complaint-registered-against-15-bt-cotton-seed-compa- nies/article8444287.ece (accessed November 2016) [22]Pest Warning and Quality Control of Pesticides, Government of the Punjab. (2014). ‘Cotton crop and its pests’ available at http://www.pestwarning.agripunjab.gov.pk/Cotton%20Crop%20and%20its%20 Pests (accessed November 2016) [23]Goulson, D. (2013). ‘REVIEW: An overview of the environmental risks posed by neonicotinoid insecticides’. Journal of Applied Ecolo- gy. 50(4), 977–987. Available at http://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12111 (accessed November 2016) [24]Hagenbucher, S. et al. (2013). ‘Pest trade-offs in technology: re- duced damage by caterpillars in Bt cotton benefits aphids’ available at http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/280/1758/20130042 (accessed November 2016) [25]Nair, R, J. And. Bhardwaj, M. (2015). ‘After pest attack, some Indian farmers shun GM cotton’ available at http://www.dailymail.co.uk/ wires/reuters/article-3306602/After-pest-attack-Indian-farmers- shun-GM-cotton.html (accessed November 2016) [26]Varma, S. And. Bhattacharya, A. (2015). ‘Whitefly destroys 2/3rd of Punjab’s cotton crop, 15 farmers commit suicide’ available at http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Whitefly-destroys-2/3rd- of-Punjabs-cotton-crop-15-farmers-commit-suicide/article- show/49265083.cms?from=mdr (accessed November 2016) [27]Chaba, A, A. (2016). ‘Cropping patterns: Non-Bt desi cotton makes comeback in North-West India’ available at http://indianexpress. com/article/india/india-news-india/cropping-patterns-non-bt-des- icotton-makes-comeback-in-north-west-india-2912422/ (accessed November 2016) [28]TNN, The Times of India. (2016). ‘AP to cut Bt cotton crop area’ available at http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/AP- to-cut-Bt-cotton-crop-area/articleshow/52017542.cms (accessed November 2016) [29]Punjab Update Bureau (2016). ‘Cotton area in Punjab, Haryana shrinks 27 pc this year’ available at https://www.punjabupdate. com/2016/06/27/cotton-area-punjab-haryana-shrinks-27-pc-year (accessed November 2016) [30]Swanby, H. (2015). ‘Cottoning on to the lie: the introduction of genetically modified cotton in Africa will harm, not help, small- holder farmers’ available at http://acbio.org.za/wp-content/up- loads/2015/06/GM-Cotton-report-2015-06.pdf (accessed November 2016) [31]Swanby, H. (2015). ‘Cottoning on to the lie: the introduction of genetically modified cotton in Africa will harm, not help, small- holder farmers’ available at http://acbio.org.za/wp-content/up- loads/2015/06/GM-Cotton-report-2015-06.pdf (accessed November 2016) [32]Dowd-Uribe, B. And. Schnurr, M, A. (2016). ‘BRIEFING: Burkina Faso’s reversal on genetically modified cotton and the implications for Africa’ available at http://afraf.oxfordjournals.org/content/ear- ly/2016/01/04/afraf.adv063.extract (accessed November 2016) [33]Robinson, C. (2016). ‘Burkina Faso abandons GM Bt cotton’ availa- ble at http://www.gmwatch.org/news/latest-news/16677-burkina-fa- so-abandons-gm-bt-cotton (accessed November 2016) [34]Dowd-Uribe, B. And. Schnurr, M, A. (2016). ‘BRIEFING: Burkina Faso’s reversal on genetically modified cotton and the implications for Africa’ available at http://afraf.oxfordjournals.org/content/ear- ly/2016/01/04/afraf.adv063.extract (accessed November 2016) [35]Agence France-Presse. (2016). ‘Top African producer bans GM cotton’ available at http://www.dailymail.co.uk/wires/afp/arti- cle-3555958/Top-African-producer-bans-GM-cotton.html (accessed November 2016) [36]Dowd-Uribe, B. And. Schnurr, M, A. (2016). ‘BRIEFING: Burkina Faso’s reversal on genetically modified cotton and the implications for Africa’ available at http://afraf.oxfordjournals.org/content/ear- ly/2016/01/04/afraf.adv063.extract (accessed November 2016) [37]Gongo, S. (2017). ‘Burkina Faso Sees Cotton Output Rising 20% in 2017-18 Season’ available at https://www.bloombergquint.com/busi- ness/2017/07/31/sbi-slashes-savings-bank-interest-rate-for-most- customers (accessed July 2017) [38]Home of Earth Mother Foundation. (2015). ‘Nigerians overwhelm- ingly reject Monsanto’s risky GM maize and cotton’ available at http://www.homef.org/pressrelease/nigerians-overwhelmingly-re- ject-monsanto%E2%80%99s-risky-gm-maize-and-cotton (accessed November 2016) [39]Shahid, J. (2016). ‘Govt asks farmers to feed livestock Bt cot-ton waste despite warnings’ available at http://www.dawn.com/ news/1230393 (accessed November 2016) [40]Mustafa, Z. (2016).‘Cotton crisis’ available at http://www.ipsnews.net/2016/06/cotton-crisis/ (accessed November 2016) [41]agrimoney. (2016). ‘Pakistan cotton imports to triple, as output hits17-year low’ available at http://www.agrimoney.com/news/pakistan- cotton-imports-to-triple-as-output-hits-17-year-low--9166.html (accessed November 2016) [42]Amin, T. (2016). ‘Cotton production to register huge de-cline’ available at http://www.brecorder.com/market-data/ stocks-a-bonds/0:/37874:cotton-production-to-register-huge-de- cline/?date=2016-04-20 (accessed November 2016) [43]Mustafa, Z. (2016).‘Cotton crisis’ available at http://www.ipsnews.net/2016/06/cotton-crisis/ (accessed November 2016) [44]Fabrick, J.A.; Unnithan, G.C.; Yelich, A.J.; DeGain, B.; Masson,L.; Zhang, J.; Carrière, Y.; Tabashnik, B.E. ‘Multi-Toxin Resistance Enables Pink Bollworm Survival on Pyramided Bt Cotton’ available at https://www.nature.com/articles/srep16554 (accessed August 2017) [45]Unglesbee, E. (2017) ‘Worm Rebellion Continues’ available at https://www.dtnpf.com/agriculture/web/ag/news/crops/arti- cle/2017/07/20/bollworm-populations-threaten-bt?referrer=twitter#. WXbA8CUMHMo.twitter (accessed August 2017) [46]Yadav, S. (2016). ‘Fly in the face of Bt cotton’ available at http:// www.thehindubusinessline.com/blink/know/fly-in-the-face-of-bt- cotton/article8561303.ece (accessed November 2016) [47]Yadav, S. (2016). ‘Fly in the face of Bt cotton’ available at http:// www.thehindubusinessline.com/blink/know/fly-in-the-face-of-bt- cotton/article8561303.ece (accessed November 2016) [48]PTI. (2015). ‘Centre to control Bt cotton seed prices by fixing MRP’ available at http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/article- show/50158688.cms?utm_source=contentofinterest&utm_medi- um=text&utm_campaign=cppst (accessed November 2016) [49]Bera, S. And. Sen, S. (2016). ‘Centre tells Delhi high court Bt cotton’s resistance to pests has waned’ available at http://www.livemint.com/ Politics/oZHYGceXXVZB3lit9PytEN/Centre-tells-Delhi-high-court- Bt-cottons-resistance-to-pest.html (accessed November 2016) [50]Bhardwaj, M. (2016). ‘Exclusive: Monsanto pulls new GM cotton seed from India in protest’ available at http://www.reuters.com/arti- cle/us-india-monsanto-idUSKCN10Z1OX (accessed November 2016) [51]Bera, S. (2016). ‘Govt backtracks on stringent licensing rules for Bt cotton seeds’ available at http://www.livemint.com/Politics/lqi-yCWAQjx06CApgK2MWJM/Govt-to-withdraw-stringent-licensing-rules-for-GM-seeds.html (accessed November 2016) [52]Bhardwaj, M., and Jadhav, R. (2016). ‘Indian farmers cotton on to new seed, in blow to Monsanto’ available at http://www.reuters.com/article/us-india-monsanto-idUSKCN10E05C (accessed November 2016) [53]Kranthi, K. (2011). ‘Part II: 10 Years of Bt in India’ available at http://www.cottongrower.com/uncategorized/part-ii-10-years-of-bt-in-india/ (accessed July 2017) [54]Field Questions. (2012). ‘Bt cotton, remarkable success, and four ugly facts’ available at https://fieldquestions.com/2012/02/12/bt-cot-ton-remarkable-success-and-four-ugly-facts/ (accessed November 2016) [55]Gutierrez, A, P. et al. (2015). ‘Deconstructing Indian cotton: weather, yields and suicides’ available at https://enveurope.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s12302-015-0043-8 (accessed November 2016) [56]Jainl, B. (2017). ‘Bt cotton falling to pest, Maharashtra tensed’ available at http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/bt-cot-ton-falling-to-pest-maharashtra-tensed/articleshow/59449010.cms?utm_source=toimobile&utm_medium=Twitter&utm_campaign=referral (accessed July 2017) [57]Balani, S. (2012). ‘Cultivation of genetically modified crops – prospects and effects’ available at http://www.prsindia.org/parliamenttrack/report-summaries/cultivation-of-genetically-modified-food-crops-prospects-and-effects--2514/ (accessed November 2016) [58]Gutierrez, A, P. et al. (2015). ‘Deconstructing Indian cotton: weather, yields and suicides’ available at https://enveurope.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s12302-015-0043-8 (accessed November 2016) [59]Desmond, E. (2016). The legitimation of development and GM crops: The case of Bt Cotton and Indebtedness in Telangana, India. World Development Perspectives, 1, 2325. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452292916300881 [60]Press Trust of India (2016). ‘Maharashtra to distribute indigenous seeds among farmers’ available at http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/maharashtra-to-distribute-indigenous-seeds-among-farmers-116061700844_1.html (accessed November 2016) [61]Ganjapure, V. (2017). ‘Over 3,600 farmers end lives in Nagpur division in 17 years’ available at http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/nagpur/over-3600-farmers-end-lives-in-nagpur-division-in-17-years/articleshow/59746666.cms?utm_source=toimobile&utm_medium=Twitter&utm_campaign=referral (accessed August 2017) [62]Press Trust of India (2017). ‘Ex-Cabinet secy regrets over introducing GM cotton in India’ available at http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/ex-cabinet-secy-regrets-over-introducing-gm-cotton-in-india/1/1008110.html (accessed July 2017) [63]Bhardwaj, M., and Jadhav, R. (2016). ‘Indian farmers cotton on to new seed, in blow to Monsanto’ available at http://www.reuters.com/article/us-india-monsanto-idUSKCN10E05C (accessed November 2016) [64]Bhardwaj, M., and Jadhav, R. (2016). ‘Indian farmers cotton on to new seed, in blow to Monsanto’ available at http://www.reuters.com/article/us-india-monsanto-idUSKCN10E05C (accessed November 2016) [65]Aryal, S. (2016). ‘Demand for Bt cotton seeds sharply down’ available at http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/nagpur/Demand-for-Bt-cotton-seeds-sharply-down/articleshow/52930167.cms (accessed November 2016) [66]Kesireddy, R. R. (2015). ‘Swelling input costs push Telangana and AP cotton farmers to traditional hybrid varieties’ available at http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/49576845.cms?utm_source=contentofinterest&utm_medium=text&utm_campaign=cppst (accessed November 2016) [67]Gera, K.A. (2016). ‘Haryana, Punjab may cut Bt cotton sowing’ available at http://www.business-standard.com/article/markets/haryana-punjab-may-cut-bt-cotton-sowing-116021800315_1.html (accessed November 2016) [68]Forster, D. et al. (2013). ‘Yield and economic performance of organic and conventional cotton-based farming systems – results from a field trial in India’ available at http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0081039 (accessed November 2016) [69]Karunakaran, N. (2016). ‘End of the road for Bt cotton in India’ available at http://gmwatch.org/news/latest-news/16845-end-of-the-road-for-bt-cotton-in-india (accessed November 2016) [70]Textile Exchange. (2016). ‘Organic cotton market report’ available at http://textileexchange.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/2016-TE-Organic-Cotton-Market-Report.pdf (accessed November 2016) [71]Ibid. |
E_mail: redchinacn@gmail.com
2010-2011http://redchinacn.net
